- Mixed age grouping (3-4-5 and 6-7-8)
- Small group work is supported rather than whole-group interaction.
- Child-size furnitures and materials for children to use themselves, no need teacher presentation.
- individual or small group work engagement
- Cooperation rather than competition in completing work.
- Teachers observe, redirect, support to be used different materials.
- “giving help to the child’s life”
- “follow the child” ( development)
- The first period of life to be the most dynamic and of the highest importance
- Planes of development ;
- 0-6: The child constructing himself from experiences,
- 6-12: The child wants to move outside the classroom (culture,imagination,morality, relationship) ,
- 12-18: Child reconstruct himself as a social being.
- 18-24: The young adult is able to make full use of available educational resources.
- The absorbent mind: unconsciously learning language.(Piaget’s sensorimotor) About age 3, it shifts to a more conscious purposeful type.(Piaget’s preoperational stage)
- The development of the Will: deepens the experience, deepens children’s ability to concentrate and direct actions in other situations.
- An atmosphere of freedom within limits in Montessori classrooms/ balance between freedom and limits.
- Environment: it is orderly but not rigid, prepared but not fixed
- Six Essential Components of the Montessori learning environment:
- 1) Freedom
- 2) Structure and order
- The rhythms and routines of the classroom should be predictable
- Learning materials should be organized in a logical fashion
- The delivery lesson as guides to action should be exact and concise
- 3) Reality and nature
- Real, workable, child-size tools
- Didactic materials ( made up of sturdy hardwoods, glass, high-quality plastics)
- Plants, animal, and small gardens
- 4) Beauty and an atmosphere that encourages a positive and spontaneous response to life
- Harmony
- Colorful environment to attract the child
- Uncluttered
- 5) Montessori learning materials
- Simple materials that have one key concept.
- Relatively simple but they can add complexity to activity.
- Errors for better learning.
- Making both physical movement and cognitive development possible
- 6)The development of community life
- Socialization/ grouping children
- Older ones support younger ones
- Extended and uninterrupted blocks of time for child-centered activity (children can repeat activities as often as they wish)
- Curriculum Areas
- Practical Life (everyday living)
- Sweeping, sewing, gardening, food prep., shoe polishing
- Sensorial (materials focusing on one or more senses)
- Language
- Mathematics
- Music, art, movement, and drama
- Practical Life (everyday living)
- Teacher roles; (not passive)
- preparing classroom, good matching btw children and material, initiating psychological tone of calm and focused activity, responding genuinely, warmly and with dignity to each child and his or her needs.
- Three key components;
- The child
- The favourable environment
- The teacher
