- Friedrich Wilhelm Froebel (1782-1852)
- Gruener, a student of Pestalozzi, convinced him to give up architecture and become a teacher.
- In 1840 – Froebel opens the “German Kindergarten” : “to consist of Classes, to train young women as Teachers and Nurses, in true methods of development; along with a school for little children that they should teach.” …… A child’s garden…..
- All teaching was based on “Self activity, experience, action”
- Giving children experience not instruction (experiences instead of activities)
- Action instead of abstract learning (learning by doing)
- “Play is the highest form of child development –of human development at this period; for it is self-active representation of the inner –representation of the inner from inner necessity and impulse.”
- Self activity-should arise from within child and should be with in harmony with the child’s nature
- Not allowed total self-direction, free play, unruly play (teacher’s role and supervsion)
- Teacher’s Role
- Observe the child
- Provide materials for experience for his developing needs
- Adjust the environment to avoid temptations and ample opportunities.
- Sounds very much like Montessori!!!
- Materials and curriculum: gifts and occupations
- Education should begin at an early age. He saw that 6 year-olds coming into the classroom had already been so damaged by lack of attention, lack of training and sometimes by abuse as well, therefore he began teaching children before 6.
- He viewed kindergarten as an essential step in the whole ladder of educational experience-.
- Hands-on
- Sensory learning
- 3-7 years = childhood
Makaleskop 